Demand factors in electrical systems consider what aspect?

Demand factors in electrical systems are crucial for understanding how electrical loads interact with the system's capacity. They specifically pertain to the difference between the maximum capacity that a system can handle and the actual load that is being used at a given time. This difference indicates how much additional capacity is available or how much of the system's potential is being utilized.

By analyzing this aspect, engineers and system planners can determine how to optimize the supply and ensure that the system operates efficiently. For instance, if the actual load is significantly less than the maximum capacity, it may suggest that the system is overbuilt, leading to unnecessary costs. Conversely, if the actual load is nearing or at the maximum capacity, it indicates that the system may need upgrades or enhancements to support peak demands.

As for the other choices, they touch on important aspects like total load, energy efficiency, and peak usage hours but do not specifically address the essential concept of demand factors, which focuses explicitly on the relationship between maximum capacity and actual usage within the electrical system.