For 120-volt or 240-volt circuits using EMT, how many conductors and grounds are required?

In a 120-volt or 240-volt circuit using electrical metallic tubing (EMT), the standard practice is to have two conductors plus a ground. For a 120-volt circuit, one conductor typically serves as the hot lead, while the other is the neutral conductor. In a 240-volt circuit, there are two hot conductors that each carry 120 volts but are 180 degrees out of phase, which allows for the desired voltage across loads. The ground conductor is crucial for safety, providing a path for fault current and protecting against electric shock.

Having two conductors and a ground ensures that the circuit is properly wired for optimal functionality and safety, in accordance with the National Electrical Code (NEC) and standard electrical practices. This setup supports efficient operation and minimizes risks associated with electrical systems.